Keeping in view the requirements of teachers and students, the subject matter has been represented in a lucid style and understandable form. The text matter is amply supplemented with illustrations and tables for easy understanding. Every chapter, at the end is provided with all possible types of questions likely to appear in annual examinations. A list of standard reference books is also provided for the benefit of teachers.

We hope this book; apart from catering the specific requirements of B.Sc Biotechnology students will also be useful to all undergraduate students pursuing courses like Microbiology, Botany, Zoology and Biochemistry. We have taken every possible care to present the subject matter in its original form.